Tinnitus: A Common Condition
What Is Tinnitus? Can It Be Diagnosed Early?
We discussed these questions with Professor Stefano Di Girolamo, ENT specialist and head of the Tinnitus Center at Arsbiomedica Clinic.
Tinnitus manifests as ringing, buzzing, hissing, or pulsating sounds that may be constant or intermittent. While the exact cause is not always identifiable, several triggering factors and associated conditions are well-documented:
1. Ear-Related Conditions
- Hearing Loss: Tinnitus often accompanies hearing loss, especially age-related hearing decline (presbycusis) or acoustic trauma.
- Otitis: Middle or inner ear infections can cause inflammation and alter sound perception.
- Acoustic Neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma): This benign nerve tumor may present with tinnitus, frequently alongside hearing loss and dizziness.
- Ménière’s Disease: Characterized by tinnitus, vertigo, and fluctuating hearing loss.
2. Systemic Conditions
- Hypertension: High blood pressure can influence sound perception.
- Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders: Joint dysfunction may contribute to tinnitus through muscular or neural tension.
3. Ototoxic Medications
Certain drugs, including aminoglycoside antibiotics, diuretics, and some chemotherapy agents, can induce or exacerbate tinnitus.
The Importance of Early Diagnosis
Early diagnosis of tinnitus is crucial for identifying its underlying causes and initiating appropriate treatments to minimize the risk of chronicity. Consulting an ENT specialist is the first essential step in addressing tinnitus effectively.
A timely evaluation can also rule out underlying conditions such as middle ear diseases, acoustic nerve tumors, or cardiovascular issues, guiding the patient toward the most suitable therapeutic path. Addressing tinnitus promptly can significantly improve quality of life and reduce the long-term impact of this challenging condition.